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Title: | Endothelial dysfunction and covid-19 (Review) | Authors: | Daher, Jalil | Affiliations: | Department of Biology | Keywords: | Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor Angiotensin II Angiotensin receptor blocker Cardiovascular disease Coagulation COVID-19 Endothelial dysfunction Fibrinolysis Inflammation Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 Reactive oxygen species Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system |
Issue Date: | 2021 | Part of: | Biomedical reports | Volume: | 15 | Issue: | 6 | Abstract: | It is hypothesized that several comorbidities increase the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. Cardiovascular disease including hypertension was shown to play a critical role in the severity of COVID-19 infection by affecting the survival of patients with COVID-19. Hypertension and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are involved in increasing vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction (ED), and both processes are instrumental in COVID-19. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the target receptor that mediates SARS-CoV-2 entry to the cell. This led to speculations that major renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, such as angiotensin receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors might affect the course of the disease, since their administration enhances angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2 expression. An increase in ACE2 activity could reduce angiotensin II concen-tration in the lungs and mitigate virus-driven lung injury. This could also be associated with a reduction in blood coagulation, which plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2; of note, COVID-19 is now regarded as a disorder of blood clotting. Therefore, there is an urgent need to better understand the effect of targeting ACE2 as a potential treatment for SARS-CoV-2 driven injury, and in alleviating COVID-19 symptoms by reversing SARS-CoV-2-induced excessive coagulation and fatalities. Ongoing therapeutic strategies that include recombinant human ACE2 and anti-spike monoclonal antibodies are essential for future clinical practice in order to better understand the effect of targeting ED in COVID-19. |
URI: | https://scholarhub.balamand.edu.lb/handle/uob/5185 | ISSN: | 20499434 | DOI: | 10.3892/BR.2021.1478 | Open URL: | Link to full text | Type: | Journal Article |
Appears in Collections: | Department of Biology |
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