Towards the minimization of friction and wear using fluorinated additives under extreme boundary lubrication in fully formulated oil

Abstract

It has been demonstrated that fully formulated oil 10W-30 provide excellent wear and friction properties in boundary lubrication when mixed with PTFE/FeF3/TiF3 (polytetrafluoroethylene/iron fluoride catalyst/ titanium fluoride catalyst) or PCTFE (polychlorotetrafluoroethylene). The present paper describes an innovative method to substitute certain oil additives such as phosphorus and sulphur with fluorinated additives and improve the antiwear resistance of the oil protective film. The thermal and tribological characterizations were carried to investigate the water drop contact angle and the antiwear resistance using a tribometer under extreme boundary lubrication. Large sample of people were interviewed, and it was clear that prices increase of 20% in oil formulation will not affect their decision when it comes to improving antiwear resistance of engine components. The calculated water drop contact angles were analyzed using Design of Experiment software (DOE) and it was determined that a 0.05 m Ra surface roughness would provide an excellent PTFE /TiF3/FeF3 coating for antiwear resistance as reflected in the Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and the tribological testing under extreme pressure conditions. Both friction and wear performance depend greatly on the PTFE/and catalysts additives in plain ZDDP oil. Load bearing capacity of oil and fluorinated additives were investigated and long term tests were conducted to justify the enhanced antiwear performance of these additives. Results indicated that micro lubrication effects and tribofilm formation were significant in the presence of PTFE/FeF3/TiF3 in oil.