Towards optimal management of lower eyelid malpositions: A systematic review of treatment effectiveness and safety

Abstract

Lower eyelid malposition, a commonly encountered eyelid disorder, is often linked to discomfort, visual disturbances, and cosmetic concerns. Various treatment modalities have been employed to address these conditions, but their effectiveness and safety remain subjects of debate. This systematic review, aiming to compare and evaluate these treatments, produced a comprehensive analysis of diverse approaches to managing lower eyelid malposition. The search encompassed electronic databases, clinical trial registries, and relevant journals from inception to September 2023. Fifteen studies meeting the inclusion criteria, involving 709 patients (855 eyelids), were reviewed, comprising 12 randomized controlled trials and 3 ongoing trials. We assessed the quality of each included study using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool for randomized trials (RoB v2). We analyzed success rates, recurrence rates, adverse events, and patient satisfaction. Results revealed that modifications to the conventional Lateral Tarsal Strip exhibited high success rates and low recurrence rates. Other treatments, including Everting Sutures, Retraction Pelication, and Orbicularis Muscle Shortening, showed promise in specific cases. Complications, generally mild and manageable, were reported across all modalities, with patients expressing overall satisfaction. The systematic review highlights the effectiveness and safety of various surgical interventions for lower eyelid malposition, offering durable outcomes and minimal recurrence. Tailoring treatments based on patient characteristics and anatomical variations is crucial. Further research is warranted to refine indications for each treatment option in this evolving field.