Construction design of two interchange bridges to improve air quality in congested cities

Abstract

The Urban Commune Al-Fayhaa (UCF) is a union of three municipalities: Tripoli, ElMina and El-Baddawi. They are coastal cities located within the Governorate of North Lebanon on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea where Tripoli is the largest one. Air pollution in UCF is a consequence of both anthropogenic activities and natural processes. Anthropogenic activities are only considered in this study. In 2005, a comprehensive air pollution study had been executed for UCF under Environmental Action Plan (SMAP) project and different solutions had been proposed. The study showed that the concentration of contaminates will decrease after the implementation of different transport projects.But since then, no action was taken to solve the air pollution problems. The purpose of this study is to assess the current air pollution level in the three cities of UCF and to design two bridges connected the east part of Tripoli to reduce the traffic congestion in this city. To do that the following was executed: 1. Campaign on air quality monitoring in specified petrol stations 2. Campaign with questionnaire and field investigations for stand-by generators used for buildings 3. Campaign on Indoor air quality monitoring in public schools in UCF 4. Architectural study of two bridges in Tripoli between Abou Samra - Qobbe and Abou Samra - AlKoura caza, 5. Structural study of Abou Samra - Qobbe bridge according to the American code AASHTO with various structural components of the bridge according to the American ACI Code by using different software (Sap2000, safe, Robot, etc.).